Essays on Environmental 
Ethics/Philosophy

 SECTION I                                                                                                                       SECTION II

This list is primarily derived from Pojman, Louis J., Environmental Ethics: Readings in Theory and Application,
        2nd ed.(Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company), 1997.

SECTION I: Ethics/Philosophy

• Western Philosophy of Nature: The Roots of Our Ecological Situation
  • Genesis 1-3

    Lynn White: The Historical Roots of Our Ecological Crisis

    Lewis W. Moncrief: The Cultural Basis of Our Environmental Crisis

    Patrick Dobel: The Judeo-Christian Stewardship Attitude to Nature

• Animal Rights
  • Immanuel Kant: Rational Beings Alone Have Moral Worth

    Bernard Rollin: Sentience as the Criterion for Moral Worth

    Peter Singer: A Utilitarian Defense of Animal Liberation

    Tom Regan: The Radical Egalitarian Case for Animal Liberation

    Mary Anne Warren: A Critique of Regan's Animal Rights Theory

    J. Vaird Callicott: Animal Liberation: A Triangular Affair

• Does Nature Have Intrinsic Value? Biocentric and Ecocentric Ethics and Deep Ecology

  Does Nature Have Intrinsic Value?

  • Holmes Rolston, III: Yes, Value Is Intrinsic in Nature

    Ernest Partridge: Values in Nature: Is Anybody There?

    Holmes Rolston, III: Values at Stake: Does Anything Matter? A Response to Ernest Partridge

    Ernest Partridge: Discovering a World of Values: A Response to Rolston

  Biocentric Ethics

  • Albert Schweitzer: Reverence for Life

    Paul Taylor: Biocentric Egalitarianism

    Kenneth Goodpaster: On Being Morally Considerable

  Ecocentric Ethics

  • Aldo Leopold: Ecocentrism: The Land Ethic

    J. Vaird Callicott: The Conceptual Foundations of the Land Ethic

  Deep Ecology

  • Arne Naess: The Shallow and the Deep: Long-Range Ecological Movement

    Arne Naess: Ecosophy T: Deep Versus Shallow Ecology

    Bill Devall and George Sessions: Deep Ecology

    Richard Watson: A Critique of Anti-Anthropocentric Ethics

    Murray Bookchin: Social Ecology Versus Deep Ecology

    James P. Sterba: Environmental Justic: Reconciling Anthropocentric and Nonanthropocentirc Ethics

• Ecofeminism
  • Karen J. Warren: The Power and Promise of Ecological Feminism

    Margarita Garcia Levin: A Critique of Ecofeminism

• The Gaia Hypothesis and Biospheric Ethics
  • James Lovelock and Sidney Epton: The Quest for Gaia

    James W. Kirchner: The Gaia Hypotheses: Are They Testable? Are They Useful?

• Preservation of the Species, Nature, and Natural Objects
  • Donella H. Meadows: Biodiversity: The Key to Saving Life on Earth

    Lilliy-Marlene Russow: Why Do Species Matter?

    Stephen Jay Gould: The Golden Rule--A Proper Scale for Our Environmental Crisis

    Marin H. Krieger: What's Wrong with Plastic Trees?

    Robert Elliot: Faking Nature

    Eric Katz: The Call of the Wild: The Struggle Against Domination and the Technological Fix of Nature

    Christopher D. Stone: Should Trees Have Standing? Toward Legal Rights for Natural Objects

• Non-Western Perspectives on Environmental Ethics
  • O. P. Dwivedi: Satyagraha for Conservation: Awakening the Spirit of Hinduism

    Lily De Silca: The Buddist Attitude Towards Nature

    Mawil Y. Izzi Deen: Islamic Environmental Ethics, Law and Society

    Segun Ogungbemi: An African Perspective on the Environmental Crisis

    Ramachandra Guha: Radical Envionmentalism and Wilderness Preservation: A Third World Critiquw

• Obligations to Future Generations
  • Robert Heilbroner: What Has Posterity Ever Done for Me?

    Garrett Hardin: Who Cares for Posterity?

    Martin Golding: Limited Obligations to Future Generations

    Derek Parfit: Energy Policy and the Further Future: The Identity Problem

     

     

SECTION II: Less Philosophy, More Reality

• Population: General Considerations
  • Tristram Coffin: Earth, the Crowded Planet

    Garrett Hardin: The Tragedy of the Commons

    Lindsey Grant: The Central Immigration Issue: How Many Americans?

    Jacqueline Kasun: The Unjust War Against Population

    Jodi Jacobson: China's Baby Budget

    Hugh LaFollette: Licensing Parents

• Population and World Hunger
  • Garret Hardin: Lifeboat Ethics

    William W. Murdoch and Allan Oaten: Population and Food: A Critique of Lifeboat Ethics

    Peter Singer: Famine, Affluence, and Morality

    James Rachels: Vegetarianism and "the Other Weight Problem"

    Tristram Coffin: The World Food Supply: The Damage Done by Cattle Ranching

• Pollution: General Considerations
  • George Bradford: We All Live in Bhopal

    Julian Simon: Against the Doomsdayers!

    WIlliam F. Baxter: People or Penguins: The Case for Optimal Pollution

    Hilary French: You Are What You Breathe

    Robert N. Stavins and Bradley W. Whitehead: Market-Based Incentives for Environemental Protection

• Pesticides
  • Rachel Carson: Silent Spring

    Dixy Lee Ray and Louis Guzzo: The Blessings of Pesticides

    Michael Fumento: Environmental Hysteria: The Alar Scare

    David Pimentel: Is Silent Spring Behind Us?

• Atmospheric Conditions: The Greenhouse Effect and the Ozone Layer
  • Christopher Flavin: The Heat Is On: The Greenhouse Effect

    Dixy Lee Ray and Louis Guzzo: The Greenhouse Effect: Hype and Hysteria

• Are We Conquering Hazardous Waste?
  • Jack Lewis: Superfund, RCRA, and UST: The Clean-Up Threesome

    Thomas Grumbly: The Superfund: Significant Improvements Are Needed

    David Sarokin: The Solution to Hazardous Waster: Reduce Its Production

• Should We Revive Nuclear Power?
  • John Jagger: The Natural World of Radiation

    Christopher Flavin: No: The Case Against Reviving Nuclear Power

    Jaoh Jagger: Yes: Nuclear Power Is Safe, and We Need It

    Nicholas Lenssen: Nuclear Waste: The Problem That Won't Go Away

• Economics and the Environment
  • William E. Rees: Sustainable Development: Economic Myths and Ecological RTealties

    Mark Sagoff: At the Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima, or Why Policial Questions Are Not ALl Economic

    Kristin Shrader-Frechette: A Defense of Rish-Cost-Benefit Analysis

    Robert Goodland and George Ledec: Neoclassical Economics and Principles of SUstainable Development

• From Dysfunctional to Sustainable Society
  • Al Gore: Dysfunctional Civilization

    Laura Westra: Environmental Risks, Rights, and the Failure of Liberal Democracy

    Eugene Hargrove: Environmental Ethics and Democracy: A Response to Westra

    Alan Thein Durning: An Ecological Critique of Global Advertising

    Louis P. Pojman: Sustainable Transportation: Pedaling Power

    Lester Brown, Christopher Flavin, and Sandra Postel: Vision of a Sustainable World

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